Fun fact

it took 362 pages of proof to prove that 1+1=2. If mathematics is the queen of science, then logic is the queen of mathematics. If we describe science using the language of mathematics, then we describe mathematics using the language of logic. Logic is an ancient area of philosophy - which Greek Philosopher Aristotle modeled ‘human arguments’ in his work ‘the Organon (“Tool”) around 40 BC. It was then generalized to model ‘human reasoning and thought’

With this, Logic was in the bounds of philosophy, completely independent from mathematics - that is, in the 1800s, Logic became a recurrent phenomena found in mathematical activites such as George Boole’s Boolean Algebra [modeling logic using algebra] and Gottlob Frege’s Predicate Logic [using set theory to describe numbers and mathematics in logic]). With this newly interplay of ‘logic’ and ‘mathematics’, Mathematician Alfred Whitehead and Bertrand Russel took on the greatest intellectual project; To explain the entirety of mathematics purely in logic from the ground up!

That is, they use logic to define the very concepts such as „1”, “+”, “=“, and “2” (I.e, what is “1”? or what is “addition”?). They wanted to answer the question - ‘What is Mathematics?’ In terms of its nature and philosophy. With this grand vision to connect logic and mathematics, Whitehead and Russell published ‘Principia Mathematica’ in 1910, and in their first series of their book (out of three), it took 362 pages of proof to prove that 1+1=2. This project took decades of their lives to conceive - but their work gave birth to a new age of intellectual movements, one in which ignited groundbreaking ‘metatheory’ results in metamathematics [the use of mathematics to understand mathematics!) and gave rise to influential thinkers such as Wittgenstein, Gödel, and Turing (All of which ignited the era of computing).

However, to say that their grand vision of deriving mathematics purely from logic was „successful“, Kurt Gödel, in 1931, proved that no finite system such as Logic will never derive all of mathematics